Map Reading – 20 Marks
(i) Map set using a compass
(ii) GPS & Compass will be displayed and the names need to be identified.
(iii) Calculate GR (ground range) for Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 on the map.
(iv) Calculate back bearing and forward bearing.
(v) Identify the parts of a compass.
(vi) Calculate the degree of an object.
(vii) Determine own position.
(viii) Read degrees manually from the compass.
Question Answer Related to Map Reading
Answer: A map is a representation, on paper, cloth, or cardboard, of a specific portion of the Earth’s surface, showing specific features using symbolic markings and a defined scale.
2. How many types of maps are there, and what are they?
Answer: There are 7 types:
(i) Topographic map
(ii) Geographical map
(iii) Political map
(iv) Historical map
(v) Statistical map
(vi) Economic map
(vii) Military map
3. What are the length and width of a service protector?
Answer: 6 inches long and 2 inches wide.
4. Which line’s number is taken first when calculating GR?
Answer: The Easting Line.
5. Up to what degree can we measure by hand?
Answer: Up to 19 degrees.
6. Which chart is used for marching at night?
Answer: The night march chart.
7. What is a dead ground?
Answer: The area of ground between a target and the observer.
8. What is the full name of the compass?
Answer: Liquid Prismatic Compass MK-III A
9. What is the full name of the service protector?
Answer: Service Protector A Mark-lll
10. How many types of North are there? Name them.
Answer: There are 3 types:
(i) True North
(ii) Magnetic North
(iii) Grid North
11. Explain the methods for finding the direction of North?
Answer:
(i) Using stars
(ii) Using a compass
(iii) Using a temple
(iv) Using a mosque
(v) Using tomb orientation
(vi) Using the sun
(vii) Using trees
12. What is an Easting Line?
Answer: Vertical lines on a map, numbered from left to right.
13. What is a Northing Line?
Answer: Horizontal lines on a map, numbered from bottom to top.
14. What is the full name of GPS?
Answer: Global Positioning System
15. What information can you obtain from a map?
Answer:
(i) Determining your own position
(ii) Determining the position and distance of the enemy
(iii) Determining the geographical location of an object without physically going there
(iv) Obtaining information about an area
(v) Determining the location of a place in the forward and backward directions
(vi) Can identify various landforms.
(vii) Choosing the appropriate path for marching.
(viii) Mutual visibility of two locations.
(ix) Planning activities, especially during wartime.
16. How many centimeters on the map represents a 1 km area?
Answer: 2 centimeters (2 cm = 1 km)
17. How much area does a 4-Figure GR map show?
Answer: 1 km
18. How much area does a 6-Figure GR map show?
Answer: 100 meters
19. What is the angle of a closed fist?
Answer: 8 degrees
20. How many degrees is equal to 1 finger?
Answer: 1 degree
21. What color represents water on a map?
Answer: Blue
22. How many types of slopes are there primarily?
Answer: 2 types
(i) Concave slope
(ii) Convex slope
23. How many types of bearings are there based on the north?
Answer: 3 types
24. How are magnetic bearings measured?
Answer: Using a compass
25. What is the R.F. (Representative Fraction) of the used map meter?
Answer: 1/50,000
26. How can the true north be found at night without a compass?
Answer: Through the Pole Star.
27. What color is used to show arable land on a map?
Answer: Yellow
28. Write the names of any 10 parts of a compass. (5)
Answer:
(i) Tongue (ii) Tongue Notch
(iii) Glass Window (iv) Glass Protector
(v) Hair Line (vi) Luber Line
(vii) Prism (viii) Prism Case
(ix) Ring Notch (x) Thumb Ring
(xi) Dial (xii) Arrow Head
(xiii) Lead (xiv) Eye Hole
(xv) Direction Mark
29. What is a Global Positioning System? (3)
Answer: It is a system of satellites and receiver devices that provides people and equipment with accurate information about their location on Earth. A typical GPS operational system uses 24 satellites which complete an orbit of Earth in 12 hours.
30. What is the uppermost part of a mountain?
Answer: Peak
31. How is distance measured on a map?
Answer: Using a protractor
32. What is the difference between true north and magnetic north?
Answer: Magnetic Variation (M.V)
33. What are the uses of a compass?
Answer:
(i) Measuring degrees
(ii) In route marches
(iii) In map setting
(iv) In determining one’s own position
(v) In finding directions
(vi) It shows magnetic north
34. What are the uses of a protractor?
Answer:
(i) Determining one’s own position
(ii) Calculating GR (Grid Reference)
(iii) Calculating distances on a map
(iv) Acting as a scale
35. State the limitations of maps.
Answer:
(i) No map can be up-to-date.
(ii) Maps are drawn on paper to scale, so it is not possible to show all the features of the ground.
36. From what degree to what degree mark is present on top of the compass?
Answer: From 0° to 360°
37. The North Star indicates which direction?
Answer: North
38. What is a navigation party?
Answer: A navigation party is a small team, typically comprising three people. This party guides larger parties from one location to another and back, traversing various terrains to reach the objective.
39. List the equipment used by a navigation party?
Answer:
(i) Different types of compasses
(ii) Luminous rod
(iii) White cloth or luminous plywood
(iv) Different marching charts
(v) Pebbles or rope
(vi) Blacked-out torch
(vii) Black blanket
(viii) Staff for measuring pits
40. Use of different colors on a map:
(i) Green – For vegetation
(ii) Black/red – For man-made objects
(iii) Blue – For water bodies
(iv) Brown – For landforms
(v) Yellow – For agricultural land
41. What is a contour?
Answer: A contour line on a map is an imaginary line representing a level surface on the earth’s surface, all points on which are at the same elevation above a datum plane, usually mean sea level.
42. What are cardinal points, and how many types of north are there?
Answer: The four directions east, west, north, and south are called cardinal directions.
There are three types of north:
(i) True north
(ii) Magnetic north
(iii) Grid north
43. Knoll: A small hill that stands apart from a larger mountain range, having relatively less size and height, is called a knoll (or hillock).
Or, an isolated hill is called a knoll.
44. Crest: The peak of a mountain or mountain range is called its crest.
45. Dune: A large mound or hill of sand or soil formed by wind action is called a dune.
46. What is a grid?
Answer: A grid is a network of long, pink-red lines drawn on a map. Some of these lines run north and south, and others run east and west. These lines create small squares across the entire map. These lines are called the grid. They allow any specific location to be easily shown on the map.
47. Service Protractor: A rectangular instrument made of ivory, plastic, wood, or leather, primarily used for drawing and measuring directions on maps. It is one inch long and two inches wide. Currently, the rectangular service protractors Mark-lll A and Mark-4 A are more commonly used in the military.
48. Romer: A card made of plastic/celluloid or cardboard. The sides of its right angle are divided into 10 equal parts of the length equal to a grid square’s side, with markings. These markings start from the right angle corner, where the arrowhead is marked.
49. Prismatic Compass: This is a round instrument. The needle always points towards magnetic north. There are two types: dry and liquid. In the military, the liquid prismatic compass is primarily used. Its full name is Liquid Prismatic Compass Mark-III A.